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Gülay Karadere (Dipl.-Psych.)
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guek@leibniz-psychology.org
Search Results for: 'Familie'
Fragebogen zur Analyse der Situation von Eltern mit gemeinsamem Sorgerecht nach Trennung oder Scheidung (FAGS)
Stupka, T. (2003)
The FAGS is used to measure both individual characteristics and attitudes of the respective parent as well as current family relationship qualities from the parent's point of view. The results for the individual subscales and scales provide important information on specific problem areas within the post-decision situation. The conception of the items was based on results from divorce research. The questionnaire consists of two slightly different versions and comprises 101 items (questionnaire for the caring parent) or 102 items (questionnaire for the non-caring parent). It contains six scales, which in turn consist of several subscales: (1) Co-parental interaction, (2) relationship between child and parent, (3) relationship between child and relatives, (4) attitudes, (5) psycho-social situation, (6) assessments related to common care. Reliability: The internal consistencies of the scales are Cronbach's Alpha = .51-.96. The values for the subscales also range from satisfactory to very high. Validity: No data.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 101 Items (betreuender Elternteil); 102 Items (nicht-betreuender Elternteil)
Language of items: German
Eltern-Erziehungsstil-Inventar (EEI)
Satow, L. (2013)
The EEI measures four basic educational style dimensions as well as the cooperation with the partner and the school on two additional scales. It includes six scales with a total of 54 items: (1) love, (2) severity, (3) independence, (4) religiosity, (5) cooperation with partner, (6) cooperation with school. Reliability: Cronbach's alpha of the subscales varies between alpha = .71 and .93. Validity: The factorial structure was confirmed at the standardization sample (N = 4 296). In addition, the relationships with gender, number of children and educational level were found to be in line with expectations. Fathers tend to adopt a less warm and more austere parenting style. In families with many children, the emphasis is on education for personal responsibility and independence. In families with higher educational levels, cooperation with the partner is most successful. At the same time, upbringing is characterised by values such as independence and personal responsibility, while at the same time being less strict. Norms: Gender-specific norms exist for four age groups.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 54 Items
Language of items: German
PLAY-Parenting Assessment Battery - deutsche modifizierte Fassung des Lab-PAB (Play-PAB)
Wagner, K., Müller, J. M., Esins, S., Romer, G., Achtergarde, S. (2017)
The Play-PAB is an observation method via video recording, which records different behaviours of parents towards their own child in free naturalistic play situations and can be used in particular for the therapy of emotional and behavioural problems of preschool children. Play-PAB is the German adaptation of Lab-PAB (Wilson & Durbin, 2012). With 36 items it comprises the dimensions (1) involvement, (2) positive emotionality, (3) non-enemy, (4) non-intrusiveness and (5) consequence. The assessments of two independent blind raters correlated between r = .63 and r = .85. The ICC values for the aggregated values of both raters lay between ICC = .74 and .85. Reliability: The internal consistency lies between Cronbach's Alpha = .74 and Alpha = .93 (scales) and Alpha = .91 (total value), respectively. Validity: As expected, mean value differences between a German clinical sample and an English non-clinical sample were significant. The clinical group showed worse results. Scale intercorrelations were between r = .10 and r = .69. The predominantly positive correlations with the PIR-GAS (r = .40-.53) speak for the convergent validity.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples), Other Clinical Tests
Number of items: 36 Items
Language of items: English
Bochumer Bindungsfragebogen (BoBi)
Neumann, E., Rohmann, E., Bierhoff, H.-W. (2012)
The BoBi represents the German adaptation of the questionnaire Experiences in Close Relationships (ECR; Brennan, Clark & Shaver, 1998), which was developed on the basis of binding theoretical assumptions. The dimensional measurement of the partnership bond followed in these two questionnaires builds on the model of bonding styles developed by Ainsworth et al. (1978) to describe different qualities of parent-child bonds. According to Hazan and Shaver (1987), the model can also be applied to partnership relationships in adulthood. The BoBi records the self-assessment of the partnership relationship along the two dimensions "avoidance" and "fear" with 18 items each. Reliability: Cronbach's alpha was alpha = .81-.91. Validity: Factor-analytical investigations point to a very good factorial validity of both scales. Furthermore, it could be shown that avoidance and fear at different levels correlate with constructs such as love styles, self-esteem and self-construction, which speaks for the discriminatory validity of the two BoBi scales. Since correlations between the scales and external criteria were found, criterion validity can also be regarded as given. Overall, the test has a high construct validity.
Constructs/Subject headings: Personality Tests for Social Behavior, Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 36 Items
Language of items: German
Partner Violence Screen - deutsche Fassung (PVS)
Riecher-Rössler, A., Aston, J. (2009)
The PVS is a diagnostic instrument for identifying domestic violence, especially among women. It focuses on physical and sexualised violence. It consists of five items, each of which can be affirmed or denied. A single affirmative answer is already considered a positive result, which indicates that the woman is exposed to domestic violence. Reliability: No data. Validity: To measure convergent validity, the results of the PVS were compared with the Index of Spouse Abuse (ISA). Of n = 74 participants, the PVS with the original three items (sensitivity 79%, specificity 70%) determined 36 as positive, i.e. experiencing domestic violence, and 38 as negative. Of the 22 participants identified as positive by the PVS, the ISA also rated 22 as positive and 14 as negative, and of the participants identified as negative by the PVS, 6 as positive and 32 as negative. Of n = 65 participants, the PVS in the 12-month version with five items (sensitivity 80%, specificity 78%) determined 29 as positive and 36 as negative. Of the 20 participants identified as positive by the PVS, the ISA also assessed 29 as positive and 9 as negative, and of the participants identified as negative by the PVS, 5 as positive and 31 as negative.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 5 Items
Language of items: German
Fragebogen zu Konfliktlösungsstilen im Elternhaus (KLSE)
Böhm, B. (1999)
The KLSE represents a quantitative and qualitative measure of the diagnosis, strength and manifestation of certain family conflict resolution styles. The total of 11 items were formulated on the basis of literature studies or come from the scale "openness" of the Family Diagnostic Test System (FDTS; Schneewind et al., 1985). They are distributed over the following scales: (1) conflict escalation, (2) conflict resolution with offended withdrawal, and (3) conflict avoidance. Reliability: For the scales, consistency coefficients of Cronbach's alpha = .77-.82 were calculated, for total conflict resolution a value of alpha = .80. Validity: No explicit validity check was performed. The results of the study by Böhm (1993) provide empirical evidence of validity: The more conflict resolution with insulted withdrawal a woman has experienced, the more likely she is to have an eating disorder later. Concerned women who experienced a variety of conflict resolution styles (compared to one-sided ones) in their parental home are more likely positively affected regarding their eating behaviour. When all conflict resolution styles are considered together, the more negative the conflict resolution in the family of origin was, the worse the eating behaviour of women.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 11 Items
Language of items: German
Test für Erziehungsverhalten zum "Überbehüten" (ÜBER)
Böhm, B. (1999)
The measure captures the severity and manifestations of the problem of "overprotection" in parental parenting behavior. The Overprotection Scale of the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) by Parker et al. (1979) and the Scale D (protection) of the Family Diagnostic Test System (FDTS) by Schneewind et al. (1985) served as a basis. The questionnaire consists of 18 items (maternal form) and 16 items (paternal form). Reliability: Cronbach's alpha was alpha = .89 (mothers) and alpha = .92 (fathers). Validity: The procedure has content validity. The items were taken from two validated measurement instruments (PBI, FDTS). The results of the study by Böhm (1993) provide further evidence: Two studied groups were very similar in terms of family background. This concerns, among other things, the parenting behavior of both parents. In the case of the mother's child-rearing behavior, however, there were no significant correlations with eating behavior. However, the more overprotective the father of a test person was, the more she tended to have disturbed eating behavior later on. Parenting behaviors of the mother and father are only slightly related (r = .12, not significant). Due to the father's overprotectiveness and less stressful bonds in childhood and adolescence, the women seem to have coping options at hand, so that they strive for their goal - namely the body of a model seen on TV - without extremely disturbed eating behavior.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 18 Items (Mütterform); 16 Items (Väterform)
Language of items: German
Skala zu belastenden familiären Bindungen (BFB)
Böhm, B. (1999)
The BFB test provides a quantitative and qualitative measure of the diagnosis, strength and manifestation of certain stressful relationships within the family. The five items were formulated on the basis of literature studies and statements by bulimic women. Reliability: A consistency coefficient of Cronbach's Alpha = .71 was calculated for the final version. Validity: The procedure is valid in terms of content and logic. The results of Böhm's study (1993) provide further indications of validity. This showed that the more stressful the intra-family relationships were, the more likely the adult women were to have a disturbed eating behaviour. Good social contacts must be seen as an intervening variable that could balance the stressful relationships within the family.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 5 Items
Language of items: German
Beziehungsspezifische Bindungsskalen für Erwachsene (BBE)
Asendorpf, J.B., Banse, R., Wilpers, S., Neyer, F.J. (2002)
With the bonding scales - based on Bartholomew's model of bonding styles in adulthood - the quality of the binding to important reference persons in adulthood is to be assessed by means of the axes "safe anxious" and "dependent independent". In total, the questionnaire contains 36 items. Reliability: A Cronbach's alpha of .71-.87 and 6-month stability of rtt = .70-.84 are reported. Validity: The scale "Sure-anxious" correlates highly positively with the Bartholomew prototype "Sure" and highly negatively with "Scared"; the scale "Dependent-independent" correlates highly negatively with the prototype "Rejecting". Furthermore, there are correlations between relationship characteristics relevant for commitment and the BBE: For the scale "Sure-anxious", positive correlations with the relationship quality "Potential support" and negative correlations with "Conflictiness" were found. For the scale "Dependency-independent" positive correlations with "Contact frequency" were found for the concrete relationships with mother, father and partner (not for peers); further correlations are similar to those of the scale "Sure-anxious" in an attenuated form. Discriminant validities were determined, among other things, by correlating the binding scales with characteristics of a control relationship (mother-father; peers of the same sex-peers of the opposite sex; partner-counter-gender friends) and then checking these correlations for significant deviations from the convergent validities.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples), Therapy related diagnostics
Number of items: 36 Items
Language of items: German
Multidimensionaler Sozialkontakt Kreis Interviewform (MuSK)
Linden, M. (2018)
The MuSK is an interview measure for the different areas of life, with which the number of the current and principal contact partners and their degree of support as well as stress are recorded. It was constructed according to the basic principle of the Social Network Map by Tracy and Whittaker (1990). It consists of 14 items and is divided into three parts. The first part comprises the "inner circle" (areas of life: 1 household, 2 further family, 3 work/education, 4 good friends, 5 leisure time, 6 neighbourhood and 7 others), the second part the "outer circle". (basic vs. everyday reference persons) and in the third part, the recorded persons are assessed with regard to functional and stressful relationship aspects. Reliability: Medium to high regression instabilities can be found for the data on social support, stress and satisfaction as well as for the size of the entire network. Validity: Household members and the extended family are named as the most important social resource. Friends and other contacts are expected to be emotionally supportive, while neighbours or work colleagues are expected to provide more practical support. Standards: Average and cut-off values are available.
Constructs/Subject headings: Well-being and Resilience
Number of items: 14 Items
Language of items: German
Experiences in Close Relationships Scale - German 10-Item Short Form (ECR-G-10)
Neumann, E., Rohmann, E. & Sattel, H. (2024)
The ECR-G-10 is used for self-assessment of experiences and behavior in adult attachment to romantic partners. The questionnaire is the short form of the Bochum Attachment Questionnaire (BoBi), the German version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECR). The two attachment dimensions of avoidance and anxiety are measured with 10 items. Reliability: The internal consistency of the two scales proved to be acceptable to high in several samples (ω = .73-.84, α = .72-.81). Validity: The examination of factorial validity yielded a good model fit. The construct validity of both scales was demonstrated by convergent and discriminant correlations with scales on romantic relationships, personality, and mental health that were in line with expectations.
Constructs/Subject headings: Personality Tests for Social Behavior, Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 10 Items
Language of items: German
Die klinischen Caregiver-Child Socioemotional and Relationship Rating Scales von McCall - deutsche Version (SIRS/CCSERRS)
J. M. Müller (2024)
The McCall Clinical Caregiver-Child Socioemotional and Relationship Rating Scales - German version (SIRS/CCSERRS) is an observational instrument for the global assessment of seven areas/scales (1. caregiver's interest, 2. caregiver's behaviour directed at the child, 3. caregiver's behavioural control, 4. caregiver's state of arousal (affect), 5. child's contact expectation and responsiveness, 6. child's feelings, 7. child's relationship with caregiver). Reliability: Depending on the scale, the interrater reliability was between r = .39 and r = .65. Validity: One study was able to demonstrate that the SIRS can show differences between a clinical and non-clinical sample, at least with the higher-level scales.
Constructs/Subject headings: Therapy related diagnostics
Number of items: 18 Items
Language of items: German
Biographischer Fragebogen (BIFA)
Bühler, K.-E., Bardeleben, H., Kollmannsperger, E. (1999)
BIFA offers an inventory to the diagnostician with which the central structures of a life story can be determined quickly and practically. The BIFA consists of 40 statements, which are assigned to a total of four evaluation scales: (1) Favourable vs. unfavourable primary socialisation, (2) Self-confidence vs. self-insecurity, (3) School commitment and (4) Child contact behaviour. Reliability: With the exception of the scales "school commitment" and "childlike contact behaviour", whose test retestreliability with rtt = .76 and rtt = .77 was slightly lower than the estimates with Cronbach's Alpha, the reliability calculated here was Alpha = .86-.91. The reliability of the test was calculated with the exception of the scales "school commitment" and "childlike contact behaviour". Validity: The validity of the content was confirmed by a comparison with previous biographical questionnaires, which showed that five of the six identified central dimensions of the biography (family, social activity, school, occupation, personality, health) are also present in the BIFA. Standards: A transformation table of the raw scale values into percentile and T values is available, calculated on the basis of the calibration sample of 517 persons.
Constructs/Subject headings: Other Measures and Scales
Number of items: 40 Items
Language of items: German
Globalskalen zur Einschätzung von Beziehungseinstellungen (GSEB)
Bierhoff, H.-W., Grau, I. (2012)
The Global Scales for Assessing Relationship Attitudes (GSEB) provide a broad measure of relationship experience using five dimensions with 10 items each: (1) conflict, (2) love, (3) altruism, (4) security, and (5) investment. A wide range of theoretical approaches to relationship research was included, including Bowlby's (1969) attachment theory as interpreted by Bartholomew (1990), Lee's (1976) love styles theory, and exchange theory approaches such as investment theory (Rusbult, 1983) and motivated relationship theory (Clark & Mills, 1993). Reliability: Satisfactory to good internal consistencies were found for the scales at both measurement time points and in the replication study: Cronbach's alpha ranged from .69 to .91, and stable retest coefficients in the range of rtt = .60-.82 could be demonstrated after 12 months. Validity: Factorial validity before and after item assignment to the scales was confirmed by factor analysis. The five scales predicted significant proportions of the variance in both relationship happiness and relationship stability. In terms of prognostic validity, the scales were also found to be significant predictors of happiness and stability as assessed by panel study participants after one year. The scales are largely independent of each other.
Constructs/Subject headings: Personality Tests for Social Behavior, Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples)
Number of items: 50 Items
Language of items: German
Skala zur Erfassung kognitiver Verzerrungen bei Missbrauchern (KV-M)
Feelgood, S., Schaefer, G.A., Hoyer, J. (2009)
The KV-M is a translation of the English Molest Scale (Bumby, 1996). It aims to uncover cognitive distortions in the sense of beliefs and attitudes used by paedophile offenders to deny, trivialize and rationalize their delinquent behavior. The scale consists of 38 statements. Reliability: Cronbach's alpha was .96 (abuser), .92 (rapist) and .92 (perpetrator). In another study it was Alpha = .95 (paedophile abusers) and Alpha = .93 (other abusers). Validity: Abusers do not only have the highest values in the Molest Scale, they also correlate with the scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Sex Inventory, the Abel and Becker Cognition Scale and the Child Molest Lie Scale. Also, the values did not correlate with socially desirable response behavior and a reduction of the values could be observed in offenders who participated in a treatment program for sexual delinquents. With the criterion of conviction, the abusers achieved higher values than the rapists or the perpetrators of violence. By screening for paedophilic predispositions, paedophilic subjects achieved a significantly higher average score than the other abusers. The procedure was standardized on several random samples.
Constructs/Subject headings: Interaction diagnostics (Family, Couples), Other Personality Tests
Number of items: 38 Items
Language of items: German
Fragebogen zur Erfassung telischer und metatelischer Orientierungen in revidierter Form (TEMEO-R)
Deutscher, S., Mees, U. (2012)
The TEMEO-R measures the content-related objectives and emotional reasons for action of persons through meta-telephonic orientations and thus allows to survey motive structures in a differentiated way. The 144 items have been consistently constructed against the theoretical background of the two-dimensional model of metatelic orientations (Mees & Schmitt, 2003, 2005, 2008a, 2008b, 2008c), which are distributed over 44 scales. Four metatellic orientations each cover the motif strength of a motif area. Reliability: The internal consistencies of the overall scales of the motivational areas are acceptable, but internal consistencies that need to be improved occur in the scales of the individual metatelic orientations. Therefore, it is recommended to use them exclusively for research purposes. The retestreliabilities indicate a temporal stability of the recorded motivational structures. Validity: Both the determination of the criterion validity and the consideration of the content validity refer to the validity of the scales of TEMEO-R.
Constructs/Subject headings: Emotional, Motivational and Behavioural Structures
Number of items: 144 Items
Language of items: German
CRAFFT - deutsche Fassung (CRAFFT-d)
Tossmann, P., Kasten, L., Lang, P., Strüber, E. (2011)
The CRAFFT-d is a one-dimensional screening test for the assessment of problem alcohol consumption among adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years. The test consists of six dichotomous questions on the consequences and functions of alcohol consumption. Two or more yes-answers indicate a need for further investigation or intervention. Reliability: The inter-item correlation of the CRAFFT-d was determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient on a sample obtained via the Internet (N = 12 250). In the group of 12 to 18 year olds, it is alpha = .63. Validity: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used parallel to the CRAFFT-d to check validity. The test results show a high agreement (Phi = .57; Chi-square = 3978.671, df = 1, p < .001) with a cut-off value of 2 points. Using this cut-off value, the sensitivity of the CRAFFT-d in the total sample is 88.8 %, the specificity 66.2 %. The factorial structure was determined by means of an explorative factor analysis. Only one factor could be determined both in the screen plot and on the basis of the Kaiser-Guttman criterion.
Constructs/Subject headings: Eating Disorder and Addiction
Number of items: 6 Items
Language of items: German
Skalen der Einstellungsstruktur ehrenamtlicher Helfer (SEEH)
Bierhoff, H.-W., Schülken, T., Hoof, M. (2012)
The SEEH are designed to measure the willingness to make voluntary contributions to non-profit organisations. The method is based on the empathy-altruism hypothesis (Batson, 1991). It consists of 23 items and eight scales that correspond to the two superordinate dimensions "Self-serving orientation" and "Self-serving orientation" (6 subscales of 3 items each, exception: social influence with 2 items) and "Altruistic orientation" (2 subscales of 3 items each). Reliability: For the individual scales, internal consistencies in the range of alpha = .71-.85 could be demonstrated in three studies (exception: scale of occupational equalisation: alpha = .52-.60). Validity: The factorial validity of the questionnaire could be consistently proven in three studies. Both the eight scales and their charges on the two superordinate dimensions were confirmed. This also confirmed the construct validity of the scales. There were zero correlations between SEEH and social desirability. The construct validity is further supported by expected and found systematic correlations with the age of the respondents and with the type of organisation for which the voluntary work is carried out. The overlaps in content with other questionnaires for recording attitudes towards voluntary work also speak for the plausibility of the procedure. With a previous version of the SEEH scales Social Responsibility, Career and Political Responsibility, further results were found that confirm the criterion-related validity of the scales.
Constructs/Subject headings: Social Attitudes, Personality Tests for Social Behavior
Number of items: 23 bzw. 26 Items
Language of items: German
Self-Monitoring-Skala (SMS/D)
Graf, A. (2009)
The Self-Monitoring Scale consists of 25 items and measures the ability to adjust and adapt one's own behavior to external circumstances and situations. This includes sensitivity to the expressive behavior and appearance of other people and the ability to use this information to control one's own self-presentation. In the sense of a competent and flexible appearance, this ability has a high professional relevance. Self-monitoring is a construct that belongs to the family of self-theories and is based on the assumption that people observe their behaviour and adapt it to situational conditions. Reliability: An internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson formula 20) of rtt = .69 resulted for the 25-item version and one of rtt = .71 for the revised 18-item version. Validity: To validate the translated Self-Monitoring Scale, the correlations of the scale with the individual scales of the German version of the Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire (ICQ) were checked and the results of the SMS/D were compared with those of the SMS. As expected on the basis of the results of other studies, only low correlations of the SMS/D in the 25-item version with the scales of the ICQ and slightly higher correlations in the 18-item version were found
Constructs/Subject headings: Personality Tests for Social Behavior, Self-concept
Number of items: 25 Items; 18 Items (Kurzversion)
Language of items: German
Everyday Stressors Index - deutsche Fassung (ESI)
Jäkel, J., Leyendecker, B. (2009)
The ESI, adapted from the Everyday Stressors Index (ESI) of Hall (1983) into German, serves to assess everyday problems and stress, especially for young mothers with a low socioeconomic status. Everyday stressors are considered good indicators of adjustment difficulties and are attributed a higher prediction of psychological symptoms than stressful life events. The asked for stressors are financial and interpersonal problems, role stress, job problems and parental worries (k = 19). The assessment of mothers' everyday stress is of particular relevance, as it can have an impact on children's educational and developmental opportunities. Reliability: The internal consistency of the questionnaire was determined with Cronbach's Alpha and was Alpha = .86. Validity: No information on the validity of the German procedure is available.
Constructs/Subject headings: Well-being and Resilience, Behavior Scales
Number of items: 19 Items
Language of items: German
Parental Caregiving Style Questionnaire – German Version (PCS-Q-G)
Neumann, E. & Rohmann, E. (2024)
The PCS-Q-G is used to retrospectively record parental caring behaviour. In analogy to the 3-category model of attachment, the instrument distinguishes between the three styles ‘warm/attentive’, ‘ambivalent/inconsistent’ and ‘cold/rejecting’. Reliability: After a 2-month interval, there was 90% agreement between the pre-test and post-test and a kappa value of κ = .66 (maternal caregiving style) and 86% agreement with a kappa of κ = .76 (paternal caregiving style). Validity: The PCS-Q-G demonstrates face validity. The proven correlations with scales on affiliation in the relationship with both parents and on satisfaction and psychological well-being in adulthood confirm the construct validity of the PCS-Q-G.
Constructs/Subject headings: Personality Tests for Social Behavior
Number of items: 6 Items
Language of items: German
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